CoC homelessness and rent panel

What this dataset measures

Large urban CoCs whose boundaries can be rebuilt from whole Census counties or places, so each homeless count can be matched to the population and rents of the same area. Built to test the common explanation that high housing costs account for Seattle/King County's homelessness.

Geography

United States, Washington, King County, WA, Seattle, WA

Unit of observation

Continuum of Care (CoC) by PIT count year

Update cadence

Annually, after HUD releases each year's PIT counts by CoC

Curator

FactHub

Curated data tables

CoC homelessness and rent panel

HUD PIT counts for 67 large urban CoCs joined to ACS population, rent and vacancy for the same year, with per-year rent-only regression fits.

Unit of observation: CoC-year (PIT count year)

coc_homelessness_rent_panel.csv text/csv · 138.2 KB (141,479 bytes)

The first 100 of 737 rows 23 columns Download the full file

The first 100 of 737 rows

coc_code	coc_name	short_name	hud_category_2025	year	count_type	sheltered_only_count	total people	sheltered people	unsheltered people	acs_year	population people	rate_per_10k per 10,000 residents	sheltered_rate per 10,000 residents	unsheltered_rate per 10,000 residents	median_rent US dollars per month, nominal	vacancy percent	predicted_rate per 10,000 residents	residual per 10,000 residents	predicted_rate_rent_vac per 10,000 residents	residual_rent_vac per 10,000 residents	predicted_unsheltered_rate per 10,000 residents	unsheltered_residual per 10,000 residents
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1863	1500	363	2015	1010025	18.45	14.85	3.59	824	7.71	21.85	-3.41	19.28	-0.83	3.86	-0.27
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1765	1384	381	2016	1016206	17.37	13.62	3.75	852	7.86	19.93	-2.56	21.50	-4.13	4.07	-0.32
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1574	1189	385	2017	1022769	15.39	11.63	3.76	887	6.19	20.37	-4.98	21.87	-6.48	4.07	-0.31
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1380	1017	363	2018	1039073	13.28	9.79	3.49	887	6.41	15.87	-2.59	16.85	-3.57	3.59	-0.10
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1372	1011	361	2019	1047279	13.10	9.65	3.45	905	6.54	18.02	-4.92	18.35	-5.25	3.03	0.42
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1324	745	579	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	821	821	0	2021	1052030	7.80	7.80	0	1008	4.00	15.63	-7.82	13.66	-5.86	4.90	-4.90
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2227	578	1649	2022	1057597	21.06	5.47	15.59	1135	5.60	19.01	2.05	19.06	2.00	4.52	11.07
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2209	708	1501	2023	1063162	20.78	6.66	14.12	1263	5.61	21.98	-1.20	23.16	-2.39	6.13	7.99
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2142	861	1281	2024	1080149	19.83	7.97	11.86	1300	5.76	24.43	-4.60	26.72	-6.89	6.18	5.68
AZ-501	Tucson/Pima County CoC	Tucson/Pima	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2218	942	1276	2024	1080149	20.53	8.72	11.81	1300	5.76	26.13	-5.60	28.11	-7.58	7.55	4.26
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	5631	4342	1289	2015	4167947	13.51	10.42	3.09	986	7.55	24.36	-10.85	20.29	-6.78	5.76	-2.67
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	5702	4056	1646	2016	4242997	13.44	9.56	3.88	1042	5.62	23.41	-9.98	24.20	-10.77	5.27	-1.39
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	5605	3546	2059	2017	4307033	13.01	8.23	4.78	1096	5.70	23.55	-10.53	24.76	-11.75	6.61	-1.83
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6298	3680	2618	2018	4410824	14.28	8.34	5.94	1119	5.05	20.80	-6.52	22.29	-8.02	5.56	0.37
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6614	3426	3188	2019	4485414	14.75	7.64	7.11	1193	4.89	23.57	-8.82	25.77	-11.02	7.50	-0.40
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	7419	3652	3767	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	3650	3650	0	2021	4496588	8.12	8.12	0	1389	4.13	21.95	-13.84	20.57	-12.45	4.48	-4.48
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9026	3997	5029	2022	4551524	19.83	8.78	11.05	1618	5.56	28.15	-8.32	27.90	-8.07	12.17	-1.12
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9642	4734	4908	2023	4585871	21.03	10.32	10.70	1766	7.80	28.89	-7.87	25.63	-4.60	11.48	-0.78
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9435	5359	4076	2024	4673096	20.19	11.47	8.72	1820	7.60	33.83	-13.64	30.75	-10.56	12.96	-4.24
AZ-502	Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County CoC	Phoenix/Maricopa	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9734	4527	5207	2024	4673096	20.83	9.69	11.14	1820	7.60	31.14	-10.31	28.12	-7.29	11.48	-0.33
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6556	1929	4627	2015	1918044	34.18	10.06	24.12	1906	2.77	38.57	-4.39	37.14	-2.96	16.55	7.58
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	6524	1897	4627	2016	1919402	33.99	9.88	24.11	2065	3.10	42.18	-8.19	42.83	-8.84	11.76	12.35
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	7394	1946	5448	2017	1938153	38.15	10.04	28.11	2229	5.16	40.75	-2.60	36.68	1.47	20.37	7.74
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	7254	1806	5448	2018	1937570	37.44	9.32	28.12	2305	3.94	45.98	-8.54	45.84	-8.40	15.66	12.46
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9706	1784	7922	2019	1927852	50.35	9.25	41.09	2392	4.99	46.67	3.68	44.73	5.61	26.12	14.98
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	9605	1683	7922	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2301	2301	0	2021	1885508	12.20	12.20	0	2467	5.63	39.86	-27.65	42.62	-30.42	3.28	-3.28
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	10028	2320	7708	2022	1870945	53.60	12.40	41.20	2624	5.67	47.17	6.43	46.03	7.57	28.08	13.12
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9903	2502	7401	2023	1877592	52.74	13.33	39.42	2781	4.82	42.84	9.90	42.97	9.77	22.27	17.14
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered-Only Count	1	10394	2993	7401	2024	1926325	53.96	15.54	38.42	2841	3.92	52.29	1.67	52.87	1.09	26.28	12.14
CA-500	San Jose/Santa Clara City & County CoC	San Jose/Santa Clara	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	10711	3239	7472	2024	1926325	55.60	16.81	38.79	2841	3.92	40.97	14.64	39.49	16.12	19.18	19.61
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6775	2417	4358	2015	864816	78.34	27.95	50.39	1659	2.54	34.75	43.59	36.97	41.37	13.65	36.74
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	6996	2638	4358	2016	870887	80.33	30.29	50.04	1784	3.04	37.03	43.31	37.39	42.94	9.98	40.06
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6858	2505	4353	2017	884363	77.55	28.33	49.22	1836	3.48	34.78	42.77	35.83	41.72	15.60	33.62
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	6857	2504	4353	2018	883305	77.63	28.35	49.28	1880	3.17	36.95	40.67	38.26	39.37	12.04	37.24
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	8035	2855	5180	2019	881549	91.15	32.39	58.76	1959	3.02	38.32	52.82	41.19	49.95	19.39	39.37
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	8124	2944	5180	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	4000	4000	0	2021	815201	49.07	49.07	0	2167	7.55	34.87	14.19	41.68	7.38	3.61	-3.61
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	7754	3357	4397	2022	808437	95.91	41.52	54.39	2308	6.28	41.20	54.72	39.38	56.54	23.08	31.31
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered-Only Count	1	7582	3185	4397	2023	808988	93.72	39.37	54.35	2356	5.53	37.00	56.72	36.61	57.11	17.75	36.60
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	8323	3969	4354	2024	827526	100.58	47.96	52.61	2448	6.67	45.18	55.39	41.75	58.82	21.15	31.46
CA-501	San Francisco CoC	San Francisco	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered-Only Count	1	8671	4317	4354	2024	827526	104.78	52.17	52.61	2448	6.67	37.18	67.60	33.03	71.75	16.21	36.40
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	4040	1643	2397	2015	1638215	24.66	10.03	14.63	1513	2.31	32.50	-7.84	37.14	-12.48	11.94	2.69
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	4145	1748	2397	2016	1647704	25.16	10.61	14.55	1622	2.14	34.05	-8.90	33.88	-8.73	8.95	5.60
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	5629	1766	3863	2017	1663190	33.84	10.62	23.23	1745	2.74	33.40	0.45	36.25	-2.40	14.49	8.73
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	5496	1633	3863	2018	1666753	32.97	9.80	23.18	1875	4.46	36.85	-3.87	37.22	-4.25	12.00	11.18
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	8022	1710	6312	2019	1671329	48.00	10.23	37.77	1982	3.40	38.77	9.23	40.90	7.10	19.75	18.02
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	8137	1825	6312	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2546	2546	0	2021	1648556	15.44	15.44	0	2036	6.13	32.70	-17.25	36.25	-20.81	3.76	-3.76
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9747	2612	7135	2022	1628997	59.83	16.03	43.80	2183	4.78	38.83	21.00	39.32	20.51	21.10	22.70
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered-Only Count	1	9759	2624	7135	2023	1622188	60.16	16.18	43.98	2303	6.14	36.27	23.89	34.95	25.21	17.19	26.79
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9450	3107	6343	2024	1649060	57.31	18.84	38.46	2312	5.37	42.72	14.58	42.30	15.01	19.38	19.09
CA-502	Oakland, Berkeley/Alameda County CoC	Oakland/Alameda	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered-Only Count	1	9262	2919	6343	2024	1649060	56.17	17.70	38.46	2312	5.37	35.87	20.29	34.31	21.86	15.19	23.28
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2659	1711	948	2015	1501335	17.71	11.40	6.31	1068	4.27	25.62	-7.91	29.99	-12.28	6.72	-0.41
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2500	1552	948	2016	1514460	16.51	10.25	6.26	1118	3.55	24.81	-8.30	24.78	-8.27	5.76	0.50
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	3665	1613	2052	2017	1530615	23.94	10.54	13.41	1223	2.56	25.47	-1.53	31.52	-7.57	8.15	5.25
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	3621	1569	2052	2018	1540975	23.50	10.18	13.32	1300	4.24	24.64	-1.14	26.36	-2.86	7.11	6.21
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	5561	1661	3900	2019	1552058	35.83	10.70	25.13	1363	2.46	26.84	8.99	32.64	3.19	10.14	14.99
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	5511	1611	3900	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1885	1885	0	2021	1588921	11.86	11.86	0	1512	1.84	24.00	-12.13	17.61	-5.75	4.34	-4.34
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	9278	2614	6664	2022	1584169	58.57	16.50	42.07	1667	4.42	29.07	29.49	30.48	28.09	12.94	29.13
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2023	Sheltered-Only Count	1	9281	2617	6664	2023	1584288	58.58	16.52	42.06	1762	5.51	28.84	29.74	29.41	29.18	11.44	30.63
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	6615	2671	3944	2024	1611231	41.06	16.58	24.48	1870	5.03	34.73	6.32	36.49	4.56	13.61	10.87
CA-503	Sacramento City & County CoC	Sacramento	Major City CoC	2025	Sheltered-Only Count	1	6995	3051	3944	2024	1611231	43.41	18.94	24.48	1870	5.03	31.62	11.79	32.40	11.01	11.85	12.63
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2031	704	1327	2015	1126745	18.03	6.25	11.78	1547	2.00	33.02	-15.00	38.13	-20.10	12.34	-0.56
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2016	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1730	620	1110	2016	1135127	15.24	5.46	9.78	1692	1.80	35.34	-20.10	35.09	-19.84	9.39	0.38
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1607	696	911	2017	1147439	14.01	6.07	7.94	1766	3.54	33.72	-19.71	35.04	-21.04	14.75	-6.81
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2018	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2234	697	1537	2018	1150215	19.42	6.06	13.36	1827	3.89	35.83	-16.41	36.72	-17.30	11.59	1.77
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2295	668	1627	2019	1153526	19.90	5.79	14.10	1948	4.43	38.11	-18.22	38.61	-18.71	19.22	-5.12
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2020	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2277	707	1570	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	820	820	0	2021	1161413	7.06	7.06	0	2075	1.85	33.35	-26.29	27.41	-20.35	3.72	-3.72
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	3093	764	2329	2022	1156966	26.73	6.60	20.13	2206	3.04	39.27	-12.53	42.32	-15.59	21.47	-1.34
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2023	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2372	719	1653	2023	1155025	20.54	6.22	14.31	2314	2.98	36.42	-15.89	40.38	-19.84	17.31	-3.00
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2843	884	1959	2024	1172607	24.25	7.54	16.71	2340	2.92	43.23	-18.98	47.48	-23.23	19.74	-3.04
CA-505	Richmond/Contra Costa County CoC	Contra Costa	Largely Suburban CoC	2025	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2118	840	1278	2024	1172607	18.06	7.16	10.90	2340	2.92	36.14	-18.08	38.28	-20.22	15.40	-4.50
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1708	1173	535	2015	726106	23.52	16.15	7.37	1036	3.07	25.13	-1.61	33.31	-9.79	6.35	1.02
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1780	1245	535	2016	733709	24.26	16.97	7.29	1105	3.16	24.57	-0.31	24.36	-0.10	5.67	1.62
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1542	975	567	2017	745424	20.69	13.08	7.61	1148	4.40	24.34	-3.65	27.56	-6.87	7.24	0.36
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1685	1118	567	2018	752660	22.39	14.85	7.53	1243	2.80	23.43	-1.04	26.33	-3.94	6.62	0.91
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2631	1073	1558	2019	762148	34.52	14.08	20.44	1260	4.73	24.86	9.66	27.12	7.40	8.54	11.90
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2677	1119	1558	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	885	885	0	2021	789410	11.21	11.21	0	1484	2.46	23.53	-12.32	18.51	-7.29	4.37	-4.37
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2319	964	1355	2022	793229	29.23	12.15	17.08	1608	3.96	27.96	1.28	30.08	-0.84	12.01	5.07
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2023	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2454	1099	1355	2023	800965	30.64	13.72	16.92	1655	3.25	27.37	3.27	31.88	-1.24	10.30	6.62
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	4732	1263	3469	2024	816108	57.98	15.48	42.51	1788	3.26	33.25	24.73	38.73	19.25	12.54	29.96
CA-511	Stockton/San Joaquin County CoC	Stockton/San Joaquin	Other Largely Urban CoC	2025	Sheltered-Only Count	1	4760	1291	3469	2024	816108	58.33	15.82	42.51	1788	3.26	30.83	27.50	34.70	23.63	11.23	31.27
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1483	708	775	2015	765135	19.38	9.25	10.13	1904	2.68	38.54	-19.16	37.39	-18.01	16.52	-6.39
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2016	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1361	586	775	2016	764797	17.80	7.66	10.13	2114	4.05	43.08	-25.28	44.18	-26.39	12.07	-1.94
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2017	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1253	616	637	2017	771410	16.24	7.99	8.26	2259	3.09	41.20	-24.96	40.61	-24.36	20.73	-12.48
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2018	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1238	601	637	2018	769545	16.09	7.81	8.28	2389	5.93	47.76	-31.67	45.99	-29.90	16.38	-8.10
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2019	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1512	611	901	2019	766573	19.72	7.97	11.75	2497	4.55	48.69	-28.97	47.16	-27.44	27.75	-15.99
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2020	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1572	671	901	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2021	Sheltered-Only Count	1	621	621	0	2021	737888	8.42	8.42	0	2502	9.67	40.44	-32.02	52.21	-43.80	3.24	-3.24
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2022	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1808	716	1092	2022	729181	24.79	9.82	14.98	2690	8.70	48.42	-23.63	42.74	-17.94	29.13	-14.15
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2023	Sheltered-Only Count	1	1859	767	1092	2023	726353	25.59	10.56	15.03	2797	9.26	43.06	-17.47	35.75	-10.15	22.44	-7.41
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2024	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	2130	985	1145	2024	742893	28.67	13.26	15.41	2832	9.06	52.12	-23.45	42.71	-14.04	26.16	-10.75
CA-512	Daly/San Mateo County CoC	San Mateo	Largely Suburban CoC	2025	Sheltered-Only Count	1	2147	1002	1145	2024	742893	28.90	13.49	15.41	2832	9.06	40.88	-11.98	31.42	-2.52	19.11	-3.70
CA-514	Fresno City & County/Madera County CoC	Fresno/Madera	Major City CoC	2015	Sheltered and Unsheltered Count	0	1722	539	1183	2015	1129859	15.24	4.77	10.47	902	—	23.06	-7.82	—	—	4.78	5.69

23 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
coc_code	string	HUD Continuum of Care code	—	observed
coc_name	string	CoC name as HUD listed it that year	—	observed
short_name	string	Short display name	—	derived
hud_category_2025	string	HUD 2025 CoC category, such as "Major City CoC"	—	observed
year	integer	PIT count year (counts are taken in January)	—	observed
count_type	string	HUD count type for that year	—	observed
sheltered_only_count	integer	1 if that year was a sheltered-only count (HUD carries unsheltered forward, or records 0 in 2021); 0 otherwise	—	derived
total	integer	Total people experiencing homelessness on the count night	people	observed
sheltered	integer	People in emergency shelter, transitional housing or safe havens	people	observed
unsheltered	integer	People unsheltered on the count night (carried forward by HUD in sheltered-only years)	people	observed
acs_year	integer	ACS vintage used. 2025 rows use 2024; blank for 2020 (no standard ACS 1-year release)	—	derived
population	integer	Resident population of the CoC's counties/places (ACS B01003)	people	derived
rate_per_10k	number	Total homeless per 10,000 residents	per 10,000 residents	derived
sheltered_rate	number	Sheltered homeless per 10,000 residents	per 10,000 residents	derived
unsheltered_rate	number	Unsheltered homeless per 10,000 residents	per 10,000 residents	derived
median_rent	number	Median gross rent (ACS B25064). Multi-county CoCs: mean of county medians weighted by renter-occupied households	US dollars per month, nominal	derived
vacancy	number	Rental vacancy rate = B25004_002 / (B25003_003 + B25004_002 + B25004_003); blank where suppressed	percent	derived
predicted_rate	number	Total rate predicted by that year's OLS of rate on rent, fit on full-count CoCs including King County	per 10,000 residents	estimated
residual	number	rate_per_10k minus predicted_rate	per 10,000 residents	derived
predicted_rate_rent_vac	number	Total rate predicted by OLS on rent and vacancy	per 10,000 residents	estimated
residual_rent_vac	number	rate_per_10k minus predicted_rate_rent_vac	per 10,000 residents	derived
predicted_unsheltered_rate	number	Unsheltered rate predicted by OLS on rent	per 10,000 residents	estimated
unsheltered_residual	number	unsheltered_rate minus predicted_unsheltered_rate	per 10,000 residents	derived

Supporting files

Source snapshots, manifests, quality reports, documentation, and other materials used to produce or review this release.

• build_and_analyze.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 11.8 KB (12,057 bytes)

  Node.js script that builds coc-panel from the HUD PIT sheets and ACS JSON and fits the per-year regressions.

• xlsb_to_csv.ps1 Transformation manifest · text/x-powershell · 977 bytes

  PowerShell script that exports each sheet of the HUD .xlsb workbook to CSV through Excel with macros disabled.

• build_rate_rent.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 8.2 KB (8,372 bytes)

  Node.js script that computes king-residuals and the saved analyses (leave-one-out fits, prediction intervals, rent-growth correlations).

• peers.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 10.2 KB (10,432 bytes)

  Node.js script that builds peer-changes (z-scored distances, 2019-to-latest changes, rent growth).

• findings.md Documentation · text/markdown · 14 KB (14,292 bytes)

  Method notes, results tables and caveats for the panel and regressions.

• findings-peers.md Documentation · text/markdown · 16.5 KB (16,944 bytes)

  Method notes, results and caveats for the peer comparison, including peers' count-method changes.

Sources

1. HUD, 2007-2025 Point-in-Time Counts by CoC (AHAR Part 1 data) Homeless counts (total, sheltered, unsheltered) and count type for each CoC and year. Downloaded from the Internet Archive snapshot because huduser.gov blocks scripted requests; contentDigest is the SHA-256 of that downloaded workbook (8,859,426 bytes).

   Retrieved October 10, 2026. U.S. government work (public domain). Public domain; not rehosted here. Retrieve from HUD or the archived copy.

   Archived copy captured May 30, 2026

2. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, tables B01003, B25064, B25004, B25003 (2015-2019, 2021-2024) Population, median gross rent and rental vacancy for the counties and places that make up each CoC.

   Retrieved October 10, 2026. U.S. government work (public domain). Public domain; values used are in coc-panel.

   Archived copy captured May 21, 2026

3. KCRHA, 2024 Point-in-Time Count FAQ v2 Documents King County's respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method from 2022 and the 2024 revision to 16,868.

   Retrieved October 10, 2026. Public agency document. Linked, not rehosted.

   Archived copy captured October 10, 2026

4. Almquist ZW et al., "Innovating a community-driven enumeration and needs assessment of people experiencing homelessness," American Journal of Epidemiology 194(6), 2024 Only quantitative comparison of King County's 2022 RDS estimate with a forecast of the old visual-count method; basis for the method-adjustment sensitivity range.

   Retrieved October 10, 2026. Open-access journal article. Linked, not rehosted.

   Archived copy captured October 10, 2026

Limitations and reproducibility

Reproducible from public sources: Download the HUD workbook and ACS tables listed in sources, export the workbook sheets with xlsb-export-script, then run build-panel-script, peers-script and residuals-script (Node.js). Outputs match the tables here.

• PIT counts are single January nights; methods vary by CoC and change over time.
• King County changed its unsheltered count method in 2022 (respondent-driven sampling). The estimated effect ranges from 0 to about 3,600 people in 2024.
• Rates per 10,000 are FactHub calculations. HUD does not publish CoC-level rates.
• CoC boundaries are rebuilt from whole Census geographies with small gaps (see coc-geography).
• Multi-county median rent is a renter-weighted average of county medians, not a true median.
• Rent alone explains 2-14% of the variation in total rates across all 67 CoCs (24-45% among Major City CoCs).
• All results are associations, not causal estimates.