FactHub

Chart

Since 2020, New York and California have lost the most people to other states

Map of U.S. states shaded by net domestic migration per 1,000 residents from July 2020 to July 2025. Gains are concentrated in the Southeast and Mountain West, led by South Carolina (+71) and Idaho (+71), Montana (+52), Delaware (+51) and North Carolina (+45). Losses are largest in New York (-52), California (-41), Hawaii (-38), Illinois (-34) and Alaska (-31).
From July 2020 to July 2025, New York lost 52 people per 1,000 residents to moves between states and California 41 per 1,000, the most of any state. South Carolina and Idaho each gained about 71 per 1,000, the most of any state. In raw numbers, California lost a net 1.63 million people to other states and New York 1.05 million, while Florida gained 829,000 and Texas 760,000. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 population estimates.

Net domestic migration (moves in from other states minus moves out) per 1,000 residents, July 1, 2020 to July 1, 2025, for the 50 states and D.C., from Census Bureau population estimates. New York lost 52 per 1,000 and California 41; South Carolina and Idaho gained 71.

Credit: FactHub Research Team; data from U.S. Census Bureau population estimates (Vintage 2025)

Send feedback on this chart

What this chart asks

Which states gained and lost the most people to moves between states since 2020?

Why it is shown this way

  • A choropleth shows the regional pattern at a glance: gains across the Southeast and Mountain West, losses on both coasts and in Illinois and Louisiana.
  • A rate per 1,000 residents, not a count, so small states are comparable with large ones and big states don't dominate by size alone.
  • Gains and losses get different color families around zero, so the sign is visible without reading numbers.
  • The five states labeled on the map are the two biggest losers and gainers by rate plus Florida, the largest gainer by count. The ranked list beside the map shows the ten biggest gainers.

Data and accessibility

The chart's data and images are in the strip under it.

Dataset us-state-domestic-migration-2020-2025, analysis net-domestic-migration-rate

Sources

This chart draws on the sources of the dataset versions it visualizes.

Net domestic migration by state, July 2020 to July 2025

  1. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025: Annual Estimates of the Resident Population and Components of Change for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico (NST-EST2025-ALLDATA) Domestic migration and population by state and year, July 2020 to July 2025

    Retrieved November 8, 2026. U.S. government work, public domain. Public domain; the Census Bureau asks to be cited as the source

    Reliability: Government. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program estimates each state's population every year between censuses. Domestic migration is estimated mainly from changes in addresses on federal tax returns, Medicare enrollment and Social Security records. The source file is 53,555 bytes, SHA-256 92188e29cb0a67dcf95afa7d6c47359409782f086478b70ea4128eb70e223ca9, as retrieved.

Limitations

  • Net flows only: the data does not say where movers came from or went.
  • International migration is excluded; California and New York gained international migrants.
  • Census estimates from administrative records, revised each year.
  • Rate denominator is each state's July 2020 population.

Node: chart:state-domestic-migration-map-2020-2025:1