Data

Washington's big employers and business counts, 2019-2026

Where 14 large Washington-based public companies list their headquarters, which firms moved headquarters or offices out, how many private worksites with 1,000 or more workers Washington has, business counts and new business filings compared with the U.S., and layoff notices filed with the state from 2018 to November 2, 2026.

Coverage: 2015-2026 (layoff notices June 2018 to November 2, 2026; worksite and business counts through the first quarter of 2026; business filings through September 2026)

What this dataset measures

Built to check claims that Washington is losing its businesses or big employers. It brings together the direct measures of that claim: company filings for headquarters, federal counts of very large worksites and of all private businesses, Census counts of new business filings, and the state's layoff-notice database, with the 2025 change in the state's layoff-notice law marked.

Curated data tables

These related tables form this versioned dataset release. Each table has its own downloadable file and field definitions.

Headquarters of 14 large Washington-based public companies

Business address each company lists with the SEC, and its latest annual report.

Unit of observation: Company

View this table

company-hq.csv text/csv · 1.7 KB (1,709 bytes)
10 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
company string Company name. — observed
cik string SEC Central Index Key. — observed
secName string Registrant name on EDGAR. — observed
businessCity string City of the business address on EDGAR. — observed
businessState string State of the business address on EDGAR. — observed
latestAnnualReport string Form type of the latest annual report. — observed
latestAnnualReportFiled date Filing date of the latest annual report. — observed
accessionNumber string EDGAR accession number of that report. — observed
stillWashington boolean Whether the business address is in Washington. — derived
note string Context on partial moves or ownership changes. — observed

Reported headquarters moves and out-of-state offices, 2023-2026

Washington companies reported to have moved a headquarters or opened a major office elsewhere.

Unit of observation: Company move

View this table

company-moves.csv text/csv · 1.5 KB (1,564 bytes)
6 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
company string Company name. — observed
whatMoved string What was reported to move. — observed
announced date Date of the report or announcement. — observed
whatStaysInWashington string What the company keeps in Washington, as reported. — observed
kind string Headquarters move, second office, or executive office. — derived
sourceUrl string Report used. — observed

Private worksites with 1,000 or more employees

QCEW first-quarter count of private establishments in size class 9 (1,000 or more employees) and their March employment.

Unit of observation: Year (first quarter)

View this table

large-worksites.csv text/csv · 285 bytes
5 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
year integer Year. — observed
waSites integer Washington private worksites with 1,000+ employees. establishments observed
usSites integer U.S. private worksites with 1,000+ employees. establishments observed
waMarchJobs integer March employment at those Washington sites. jobs observed
usMarchJobs integer March employment at those U.S. sites. jobs observed

Private establishments and private jobs, Washington and U.S.

QCEW private-sector establishment counts and employment.

Unit of observation: Year and basis

View this table

establishments-jobs.csv text/csv · 889 bytes
6 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
year integer Year. — observed
basis string Annual average, or first quarter (jobs in March). — observed
waEstablishments integer Washington private establishments. establishments observed
usEstablishments integer U.S. private establishments. establishments observed
waPrivateJobs integer Washington private employment. Empty for first-quarter rows before 2025, which were not pulled. jobs observed
usPrivateJobs integer U.S. private employment. Empty for first-quarter rows before 2025, which were not pulled. jobs observed

Washington layoff and closure notices, June 2018 to November 2, 2026

Each notice in the ESD WARN database, as listed.

Unit of observation: Notice

View this table

warn-notices.csv text/csv · 70.9 KB (72,587 bytes)
9 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
company string Employer as listed. — observed
location string Locations as listed. — observed
layoffStartDate string Layoff start date as listed (M/D/YYYY). — observed
workers integer Number of workers affected. workers observed
closureOrLayoff string Closure or Layoff. — observed
temporaryOrPermanent string Temporary or Permanent. — observed
receivedDate date Date ESD received the notice. — observed
receivedYear integer Year of receivedDate. — derived
farmOrOrchard boolean Employer name indicates a farm, orchard, fruit grower or packer, or agricultural services firm. — derived

Layoff notices by year received

Notices, workers, closure workers, and workers at farms and orchards versus all other employers.

Unit of observation: Year

View this table

warn-by-year.csv text/csv · 383 bytes
7 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
year integer Year received. — derived
notices integer Number of notices. — derived
workers integer Workers in all notices. workers derived
closureWorkers integer Workers in closure notices. workers derived
farmWorkers integer Workers in farm and orchard notices. workers derived
otherWorkers integer Workers in all other notices. workers derived
partialYear boolean True for 2018 (database starts in June) and 2026 (through November 2). — derived

New business filings per 1,000 residents

High-propensity business applications summed by calendar year and divided by population.

Unit of observation: Year

View this table

business-formation.csv text/csv · 639 bytes
8 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
year integer Year. — observed
waApplications integer Washington high-propensity applications in the year. applications derived
usApplications integer U.S. high-propensity applications in the year. applications derived
waPopulationThousands number Washington population. thousands estimated
usPopulationThousands number U.S. population. thousands estimated
waPer1000 number Washington applications per 1,000 residents. per 1,000 residents derived
usPer1000 number U.S. applications per 1,000 residents. per 1,000 residents derived
waShareOfUsRate integer Washington rate as a percentage of the U.S. rate. percent derived

Job change by industry, September 2025 to September 2026

ESD estimates, not seasonally adjusted.

Unit of observation: Industry

View this table

esd-sept-2026-over-year.csv text/csv · 481 bytes
3 field definitions
FieldTypeMeaningUnitsValue type
industry string Industry as named by ESD. — observed
changeSep2025toSep2026 integer Change in jobs. jobs estimated
pctChange number Percent change. percent estimated

Supporting files

Source snapshots, manifests, quality reports, documentation, and other materials used to produce or review this release.

  • farm-employer-names.txt Documentation · text/plain · 1 KB (1,040 bytes)

    The employer names flagged as farms or orchards in the layoff notices.

  • build.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 11.7 KB (11,994 bytes)

    Node.js script that builds every table and saved analysis from the input files.

  • official-series.json Source manifest · application/json · 5.6 KB (5,715 bytes)

    The official figures used as inputs (BLS QCEW, Census Business Formation Statistics, population, ESD workbook), with series IDs.

  • sec-submissions.json Source manifest · application/json · 3.3 KB (3,400 bytes)

    The fields read from the SEC EDGAR submissions API for each company.

  • analyses.json Documentation · application/json · 10.9 KB (11,209 bytes)

    Every saved-analysis result, as written by build.js.

Saved analyses

Where 14 large Washington-based public companies list their headquarters

Question: Do the best-known large Washington-based public companies still list Washington headquarters?

Result: All 14 list a Washington business address: Microsoft (Redmond), Amazon, Starbucks, Nordstrom, Alaska Air Group, Expedia, Weyerhaeuser, Zillow and F5 (Seattle), Costco (Issaquah), T-Mobile US and PACCAR (Bellevue), Columbia Banking System (Tacoma) and Fortive (Everett).

Operation: Read the business address and latest annual report for each company from the SEC EDGAR submissions API.

Scope: 14 companies, checked November 3, 2026

View this analysis

  • An SEC business address is what a company reports; it can lag a move of executives, as with Columbia Banking System.

Private worksites with 1,000 or more workers, indexed to 2019

Question: Has the number of very large private worksites in Washington fallen?

Result: Washington had 117 private worksites with 1,000 or more workers in early 2019 and 154 in early 2026 (index 131.6). The U.S. count rose from 6,329 to 6,762 (index 106.8).

Operation: Divide each year's first-quarter count by the 2019 count, times 100, for Washington and the U.S.

Scope: First quarter, 2019-2026, private sector, all industries

View this analysis

  • Washington's count jumped from 119 to 137 between 2022 and 2023, when its overall business counts show a recording change; part of that jump may be administrative.
  • Counts are worksites, not companies.

Robustness checks

  • Sensitivity analysis: Change in very large worksites by period. Splitting the period around the 2022-23 jump: Washington's count was flat to slightly up from 2019 to 2022 (117 to 119) and rose 12.4% from 2023 to 2026 (137 to 154). It did not fall in either period.

Change in very large worksites by period

Question: Does the rise in Washington's 1,000-plus worksites hold in each period, and what happened to jobs at them in the latest year?

Result: Washington: +31.6% from 2019 to 2026, +1.7% from 2019 to 2022, +12.4% from 2023 to 2026, +0.7% from 2025 to 2026 (153 to 154). Jobs at these sites fell 0.7% from March 2025 to March 2026 (514,829 to 511,149); U.S. -0.2%.

Operation: Percent change in first-quarter counts between selected years, and in March employment at these sites from 2025 to 2026.

Scope: Washington and U.S., 2019-2026

View this analysis

  • 2026 first-quarter data are preliminary.

Robustness check for: Private worksites with 1,000 or more workers, indexed to 2019

Change in private business counts and private jobs

Question: Is Washington's count of private businesses falling, and how do private jobs compare with the U.S.?

Result: Private establishments: Washington +5.8% from 2023 to 2025 (U.S. +2.1%); -4.6% from 2019 to 2025 across a recording break (U.S. +18.9%); -0.5% from early 2025 to early 2026, preliminary (U.S. +3.6%). Private jobs: +0.09% in 2025 (U.S. +0.45%); -0.2% from March 2025 to March 2026 (U.S. +0.2%).

Operation: Percent change in QCEW private establishments and private employment over selected periods.

Scope: Washington and U.S., 2019-2026

View this analysis

  • Washington's count is not comparable across 2022-23, so no single figure here settles whether the number of businesses is rising or falling.
  • The March 2026 job figure is QCEW's latest month, not a current reading.

Layoff notices by year received

Question: How many workers were covered by layoff notices each year, and how many at farms and orchards?

Result: Workers in notices: 10,051 (2019), 46,824 (2020), 3,228 (2021), 5,691 (2022), 21,466 (2023), 12,195 (2024), 31,257 (2025) and 28,731 (2026 through November 2). Farms and orchards were 13,089 of 2025 and 10,821 of 2026.

Operation: Count notices and sum workers by year received; split by the farm-or-orchard flag.

Scope: Notices received 2019 to November 2, 2026

View this analysis

  • Not comparable before and after July 27, 2025; see warn-law-change.

Robustness checks

Workers in layoff notices: farms and orchards versus all other employers

Question: How much of the recent rise in layoff notices is farm and orchard layoffs?

Result: Other employers: 7,538 (2019), 46,824 (2020), 3,108, 5,140, 21,335 (2023), 11,850, 18,168 (2025), 17,910 (2026 to Nov. 2). Farms and orchards: 2,513 (2019), near zero through 2024, 13,089 (2025), 10,821 (2026).

Operation: Workers by year received and group, for a stacked chart.

Scope: 2019 to November 2, 2026

View this analysis

  • The 2026 bar covers January 1 to November 2.

Layoff notices in the year before and after Washington's notice law

Question: How did layoff notices change when Washington's own notice law took effect on July 27, 2025?

Result: Two years before: 78 notices, 12,503 workers. Year before: 64 notices, 11,627 workers, no farm notices. First year under the law: 148 notices, 34,356 workers, of which 19 farm notices with 13,479 workers.

Operation: Count notices and workers received in 12-month windows ending July 26 of 2024 and 2025 and starting July 27, 2025.

Scope: July 27, 2023 to July 26, 2026

View this analysis

  • The law changed which layoffs need a notice; the windows cannot separate that from real changes in layoffs.

Robustness check for: Layoff notices by year received

Largest non-farm filers, 2025 to November 2, 2026

Question: Which employers account for the most workers in non-farm layoff notices since January 2025?

Result: Amazon 5,259; Microsoft 4,084; Starbucks 2,589; Meta Platforms 1,995; Borton & Sons 1,953; Oracle 1,100; Fred Meyer 982; T-Mobile 768.

Operation: Sum workers by employer name for non-farm notices received from January 1, 2025.

Scope: Notices received January 1, 2025 to November 2, 2026

View this analysis

  • Name variants are merged only for simple suffixes.

New business filings per 1,000 residents, Washington and U.S.

Question: Does Washington start fewer likely-employer businesses per person than the U.S.?

Result: Washington's rate was below the U.S. rate every year: 87% of it in 2015 and 2019, 75% in 2021 and 2023, and 81% in 2025 (4.05 versus 5.00 per 1,000 residents).

Operation: Annual sum of monthly high-propensity business applications divided by population (thousands).

Scope: 2015-2025

View this analysis

  • Applications are intentions to start a business, not openings.

New business filings, January-September 2026 versus 2025

Question: Have new business filings in Washington fallen in 2026?

Result: Washington 26,315 versus 25,076 (+4.9%); U.S. 1,386,358 versus 1,323,566 (+4.7%).

Operation: Sum of monthly high-propensity applications, January to September, 2025 and 2026.

Scope: Washington and U.S.

View this analysis

  • Recent months can be revised.

Private-sector job change, September 2025 to September 2026

Question: What is the latest over-the-year change in Washington private jobs?

Result: About +8,900 private jobs (+0.3%): total nonfarm +9,200 minus government +300.

Operation: Total nonfarm change minus government change from the ESD workbook; percent from the base implied by ESD's percentages.

Scope: Washington, September 2025 to September 2026, not seasonally adjusted

View this analysis

  • Survey-based estimates that will be revised when benchmarked to tax records.
  • Derived; the workbook has no total-private row.

Statements on record

Exact quotes, unaltered, with what surrounded them, the primary source, and an archived copy of it.

I just think that this is destructive on the economy and we’re losing businesses and punishing people that are successful

Brian Heywood, Founder of Let's Go Washington, which sponsored Initiative 645 to repeal Washington's tax on income over $1 million Interview quoted in the Deseret News · · Assertion

Context: Heywood was discussing Washington's new 9.9% tax on household income over $1 million and Initiative 645. Just before, he said he has spent more money trying to fix Washington than he would get back in tax cuts; in the same story he said people are starting to flee the state just with the suggestion of an income tax.

Source: Deseret News

Washington’s Business Exodus Accelerates Due to High Taxes, Regulations Driving Companies Away

Mark Harmsworth, Director of Small Business Policy, Washington Policy Center Washington Policy Center commentary (headline) · · Assertion

Context: The headline of a commentary that cites a spring 2026 Association of Washington Business survey in which 24% of employers said they were actively considering relocating out of state, up from 17% the previous quarter.

Source: Washington Policy Center

Companies like Starbucks are shifting hundreds of jobs to lower-tax states such as Tennessee.

Mark Harmsworth, Director of Small Business Policy, Washington Policy Center Washington Policy Center commentary · · Assertion

Context: Part of the commentary's list of what it calls high-profile exits. The next sentence says other firms have issued WARN notices and moved operations to Idaho, Utah and beyond, without naming them.

Source: Washington Policy Center

Sources

  1. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, EDGAR submissions API Business address and latest annual report (Form 10-K) for each company, from https://data.sec.gov/submissions/CIK##########.json

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Addresses are what each company reports to the SEC on its filings. The SEC has no stake in where companies locate.

  2. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, QCEW establishment size data First-quarter counts of private worksites with 1,000 or more employees and their March employment, 2019-2026 (same file pattern for each year)

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Built from unemployment-insurance tax reports that nearly all employers file each quarter. Washington's data come from the state Employment Security Department.

  3. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, QCEW series ENU5300020510, ENUUS00020510, ENU5300010510, ENUUS00010510 Private-sector establishment counts and employment, Washington and U.S.

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Same unemployment-insurance records as the size data. Establishment counts depend on how employers' reporting units are recorded.

  4. Washington Employment Security Department, WARN layoff and closure database Every layoff and closure notice in the database, June 2018 to November 2, 2026

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public record (Washington state government). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Notices are filed by employers under the federal WARN Act and, from July 27, 2025, Washington's own notice law. ESD lists them by the date it receives them. The first 15 rows of the copy matched the live table on November 3, 2026.

  5. Washington State Legislature, RCW 49.45.010 Definitions of covered employer and mass layoff in Washington's notice law (2025 c 277)

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public record (Washington state government). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Official statute text from the Code Reviser.

  6. Washington Employment Security Department Date the state notice law took effect

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public record (Washington state government). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. The agency that administers the notice law and keeps the database.

  7. 29 U.S. Code 2101 (Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School) Federal WARN Act definitions of employer and mass layoff

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain statute text. Permitted

    Reliability: Academic. Cornell's copy of the U.S. Code text.

  8. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics via FRED, BAHBATOTALNSAWA Monthly high-propensity business applications, Washington, not seasonally adjusted

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Census counts applications for federal employer ID numbers and flags those likely to become employers. FRED republishes the series unchanged.

  9. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics via FRED, BAHBATOTALNSAUS Monthly high-propensity business applications, United States, not seasonally adjusted

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Same Census program as the Washington series.

  10. FRED, resident population WAPOP (Census) and B230RC0A052NBEA (BEA) Annual population of Washington and the U.S. (U.S. series https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/B230RC0A052NBEA), used for per-person rates

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public domain (U.S. government work). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. Census Bureau and Bureau of Economic Analysis population estimates.

  11. Washington Employment Security Department, Monthly Employment Report charts workbook, September 2026 Over-the-year job change by industry, September 2025 to September 2026 (sheet 'Industry employment OTY, nsa', updated October 14, 2026)

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. Public record (Washington state government). Permitted

    Reliability: Government. ESD's monthly survey-based estimates (Current Employment Statistics), revised when benchmarked to tax records.

  12. Deseret News Brian Heywood's statement on losing businesses

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved (quoted under fair use). Link only; short quotation

    Reliability: News report. News report by Emily Walker quoting Heywood directly.

  13. Washington Policy Center Commentary claiming a business exodus, May 28, 2026

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved (quoted under fair use). Link only; short quotation

    Reliability: Advocacy group. Has a stake in this finding. A Washington think tank that argues for lower taxes and less regulation. The piece is by its director of small business policy.

  14. InvestmentNews Fisher Investments headquarters move, March 27, 2023

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved. Link only

    Reliability: News report. Trade news report.

  15. Southern Business & Development Avalara headquarters now Durham, June 24, 2024

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved. Link only

    Reliability: News report. Economic-development trade publication quoting the company.

  16. KIRO 7 Payscale headquarters change, December 8, 2025

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved. Link only

    Reliability: News report. Local TV news report.

  17. Trade & Industry Development Starbucks Nashville office, April 22, 2026

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved. Link only

    Reliability: News report. Economic-development trade publication reporting the Tennessee announcement.

  18. KIRO 7 Columbia Bank executive office in Arizona, October 2026

    Retrieved November 3, 2026. All rights reserved. Link only

    Reliability: News report. Local TV news report summarizing the Puget Sound Business Journal.

Limitations and reproducibility

Reproducible: build.js recomputes every table and saved analysis from three input files: sec-submissions.json (SEC EDGAR submissions API), official-series.json (BLS QCEW, Census Business Formation Statistics via FRED, population, and the ESD September 2026 workbook, copied from the sources listed) and warn-notices.csv (ESD WARN database). Run node build.js. The input numbers can be re-pulled from the source URLs.

  • Headquarters are checked for 14 large Washington-based public companies, chosen as the best-known large employers; it is not every company ever based in Washington. Private companies other than Nordstrom are not covered.
  • The 1,000-plus worker count is of worksites (establishments), not companies. One company can run several such sites, and a company can be headquartered elsewhere. Counts are for the first quarter of each year.
  • Washington's business counts in the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) fell sharply between 2022 and 2023 and swing more than the U.S. series, which points to changes in how employers' accounts are recorded. Long comparisons across 2022-23 are unreliable; the first-quarter 2026 figures are preliminary.
  • Layoff notices are not comparable before and after July 27, 2025, when Washington's own notice law took effect. It covers employers with 50 or more workers and counts layoffs statewide, where the federal law covers employers with 100 or more and counts by site. Farm and orchard notices appear almost only after that date.
  • Layoff notices show planned layoffs at Washington sites. They do not show relocations, actual separations, or rehiring, and seasonal farm notices recur each year.
  • Farm and orchard notices are flagged by employer name (farm-employer-names.txt). Farm labor contractors and growers with generic names, such as Borton & Sons, are counted as other employers, so the farm share is a lower bound.
  • New business filings (high-propensity business applications) are applications likely to become employers, not businesses actually opened.

Publications using this dataset

Version details

The exact citing versions, and the version of this dataset each cites.

  • Article wa-big-employers-not-leaving — version 4 (published) cites version 2
  • Article wa-big-employers-not-leaving — version 3 (published) cites version 1
  • Article wa-big-employers-not-leaving — version 2 (published) cites version 1
  • Chart wa-large-worksites-vs-us — version 1 (published) cites version 1
  • Chart wa-layoff-notices-by-year — version 1 (published) cites version 1

Node: dataset:wa-big-employers-business-counts:1