Washington I-645 media coverage, coded (June–Oct 2026)

What this dataset measures

Stories were collected from the outlets named in the audit design: mainstream and public media (18 outlets), conservative outlets (6) and progressive advocacy media (2), found through outlet search and tag pages, sitemaps, web search and syndicated copies. The aim was every substantive I-645 story we could find from each outlet in the window, with at least two per outlet where they existed. Pure link roundups, letters to the editor, and video-only pages with no text were excluded.

Geography

Washington State, United States

Unit of observation

One story (news, explainer, fact check, broadcast write-up, opinion piece or editorial)

Update cadence

One-time release; later versions only for corrections

Curator

FactHub Research Team

Curated data tables

These related tables form this versioned dataset release. Each table has its own downloadable file and field definitions.

Coded I-645 stories

One row per story about I-645 published June 1 to Oct 21, 2026 by 26 Washington and national outlets, coded with one codebook (media_coding_codebook.md).

Unit of observation: One news story, explainer, broadcast write-up, opinion piece or editorial

View this table

i645_media_coding.csv text/csv · 107.7 KB (110,330 bytes)

40 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
story_id	string	Row identifier assigned by the coder (stable within this release).	—	observed
outlet	string	Publishing outlet (masthead), one of 26.	—	observed
outlet_detail	string	Outlet as recorded by the coder, e.g. "Seattle Times via Spokesman-Review" for a syndicated copy.	—	observed
outlet_group	string	mainstream, conservative or progressive, assigned by the audit design before coding (not by our judgment of each outlet).	—	observed
date	date	Publication date (YYYY-MM-DD).	—	observed
author	string	Byline as published.	—	observed
headline	string	Headline as published.	—	observed
url	string	Story URL. Copies used to read blocked pages are listed in notes.	—	observed
read_status	string	full or partial (paywall). No row is unread in this release.	—	observed
type	string	news, explainer, fact_check, broadcast (counted as news), opinion or editorial.	—	observed
yes_sources	integer	Distinct Yes-side (repeal) advocates quoted or paraphrased.	count	observed
no_sources	integer	Distinct No-side advocates quoted or paraphrased.	count	observed
neutral_sources	integer	Neutral sources (agencies, courts, pollsters, nonpartisan analysts).	count	observed
first_word	string	Side of the first advocate quoted: yes, no, neutral or none.	—	observed
last_word	string	Side of the last advocate quoted.	—	observed
rebuttal	string	Y if the other side responds to the story's lead claim; N if not; NA for opinion.	—	observed
headline_term	string	How the headline names the tax.	—	observed
loaded_terms	string	Loaded words; Q: prefix = only inside a quotation.	—	observed
no_claims_unchecked	string	Semicolon list of No-campaign claim codes repeated with no context on that claim (codebook).	—	observed
yes_claims_unchecked	string	Semicolon list of Yes-campaign claim codes repeated with no context.	—	observed
claims_checked	string	Claim codes the story itself contextualized or checked.	—	observed
O1	integer	1 if the story says the tax relief survives repeal (AG statement); 0 if not.	0/1	observed
O2	integer	1 if it says the revenue goes to the general fund / is not dedicated to K-12.	0/1	observed
O3a	integer	1 if it says collections start in 2029.	0/1	observed
O3b	integer	1 if it says no current appropriation relies on the tax (in any voice; see O3b_voice).	0/1	observed
O4	integer	1 if it says the 2027-29 budget outlook counts on the revenue (in any voice; see O4_voice).	0/1	observed
O5	integer	1 if it says lawmakers, not voters, could lower the $1 million threshold.	0/1	observed
O6	integer	1 if it says the revenue estimate is static or the revenue volatile.	0/1	observed
O7	integer	1 if it reports the No side's union funding or that No outraised Yes.	0/1	observed
O8	integer	1 if it mentions Heywood's (or Yes donors') personal financial interest.	0/1	observed
O9	integer	1 if it mentions the legal risk I-645's text poses to the capital gains tax.	0/1	observed
O3b_voice	string	fact (reporter or neutral source) or advocate (only in a campaign side's quote) when O3b = 1.	—	derived
O4_voice	string	fact or advocate when O4 = 1.	—	derived
has_error	integer	1 if the coder recorded a factual error in reporter or outlet voice, minor ones included.	0/1	observed
errors	string	The error, the correct fact, and whether a correction was found.	—	observed
ballot_sentence	string	none, mentioned, quoted or critiqued.	—	observed
dhm_poll	string	Y if the story reports the DHM poll's with/without-sentence result; partial; N.	—	observed
key_quote	string	Verbatim passage of 25 words or fewer illustrating the coding.	—	observed
sources_detail	string	Who was counted on each side.	—	observed
notes	string	Coder notes.	—	observed

How often stories included each key fact

For each group of stories and each fact (O1-O9, plus the voice split for O3b and O4), how many stories included it.

Unit of observation: Story group by fact

View this table

media_omission_rates.csv text/csv · 8.4 KB (8,583 bytes)

7 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
group	string	Story group, e.g. "Mainstream news" (news, explainer, fact check and broadcast stories from mainstream outlets).	—	derived
fact_code	string	Codebook fact code; -fact / -advocate suffix = voice split.	—	derived
fact	string	Plain-language fact.	—	derived
rebuts_claims_of	string	Which campaign's claims the fact rebuts.	—	derived
stories_including	integer	Stories that included the fact.	stories	derived
stories_coded	integer	Stories coded for the fact.	stories	derived
share_including	number	stories_including / stories_coded.	fraction	derived

Campaign claims: unchecked vs contextualized

For each story group and graded campaign claim, how many stories repeated it with no context and how many contextualized it.

Unit of observation: Story group by campaign claim

View this table

media_claim_checks.csv text/csv · 4.3 KB (4,445 bytes)

7 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
group	string	Story group.	—	derived
claim_code	string	Codebook claim code.	—	derived
claim_side	string	Yes or No campaign.	—	derived
claim	string	The claim.	—	derived
stories_unchecked	integer	Stories repeating it with no context.	stories	derived
stories_contextualized	integer	Stories that contextualized or checked it.	stories	derived
share_contextualized	number	Contextualized share.	fraction	derived

Sourcing balance by story group

Average sources per side, first and last word, missing rebuttals, unchecked-claim counts and claim-check rates by story group.

Unit of observation: Story group

View this table

media_sourcing_balance.csv text/csv · 638 bytes

16 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
group	string	Story group.	—	derived
stories	integer	stories.	count	derived
avg_yes_sources	number	avg yes sources.	sources per story	derived
avg_no_sources	number	avg no sources.	sources per story	derived
first_word_yes	integer	first word yes.	count	derived
first_word_no	integer	first word no.	count	derived
last_word_yes	integer	last word yes.	count	derived
last_word_no	integer	last word no.	count	derived
no_rebuttal	integer	no rebuttal.	count	derived
stories_with_unchecked_no_claim	integer	stories with unchecked no claim.	count	derived
stories_with_unchecked_yes_claim	integer	stories with unchecked yes claim.	count	derived
no_claim_instances	integer	no claim instances.	count	derived
no_claim_instances_contextualized	integer	no claim instances contextualized.	count	derived
yes_claim_instances	integer	yes claim instances.	count	derived
yes_claim_instances_contextualized	integer	yes claim instances contextualized.	count	derived
stories_with_error	integer	stories with error.	count	derived

Agreement between the first coding and a blind second coder

Percent agreement and Cohen's kappa on a stratified random sample of 20 news stories (14 mainstream, 6 conservative; seed 645).

Unit of observation: Coded field

View this table

media_recode_agreement.csv text/csv · 1,022 bytes

6 field definitions

Field	Type	Meaning	Units	Value type
field	string	Coded field; O3b and O4 shown before and after the voice re-pass.	—	derived
stories	integer	Stories compared.	stories	derived
agree	integer	Stories where both coders agreed.	stories	derived
percent_agreement	number	Agreement.	percent	derived
cohens_kappa	number	Cohen's kappa (blank when one category only).	—	derived
disagreements	string	story_id:first→second for each disagreement.	—	derived

Supporting files

Source snapshots, manifests, quality reports, documentation, and other materials used to produce or review this release.

• media_derived.json Derived table · application/json · 41.5 KB (42,472 bytes)

  The summary tables as JSON (omission, claims, sourcing, chartRows), used for the saved analyses.

• media_recode_agreement.json Quality report · application/json · 2.7 KB (2,746 bytes)

  Agreement results as JSON.

• media_recode_second_coder.md Quality report · text/markdown · 10 KB (10,263 bytes)

  The blind second coder's codes and justifications for the 20 sampled stories.

• media_coding_codebook.md Data dictionary · text/markdown · 7.9 KB (8,114 bytes)

  The codebook: every column, claim code and omission fact, with definitions.

• media_coding_overrides.json Transformation manifest · application/json · 1.2 KB (1,191 bytes)

  The voice re-pass for O3b and O4 and the N460K correction, applied after the reliability check.

• media_audit.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 8.7 KB (8,906 bytes)

  Merges the coders' notes into the stories table and applies the overrides.

• media_audit_derived.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 8.7 KB (8,949 bytes)

  Computes every summary table from the stories table.

• media_recode_agreement.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 4.4 KB (4,480 bytes)

  Computes percent agreement and Cohen's kappa against the second coder.

• media_dataset_parts.json Documentation · application/json · 49.4 KB (50,565 bytes)

  Sources, table and field definitions, and headline rows for this release, generated by media_dataset_build.js.

• media_dataset_build.js Transformation manifest · text/javascript · 15.2 KB (15,559 bytes)

  Builds the sources, table definitions and headline rows.

Saved analyses

Sources

1. Seattle Times Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

2. Spokesman-Review Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

3. The Columbian Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

4. Everett Herald Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

5. Tri-City Herald Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

6. Washington State Standard Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

7. KUOW Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

8. Cascade PBS Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

9. The Stranger Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

   Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

   Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

10. Deseret News Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

11. Cascadia Daily News Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

12. KOMO Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

13. KING 5 Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

14. KIRO 7 Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

15. KXLY Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

16. Fox 13 Seattle Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

17. Axios Seattle Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

18. KREM Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

19. The Center Square Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

20. Seattle Red/KTTH Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

21. MyNorthwest/KIRO Newsradio Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

22. Washington Policy Center Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: Advocacy group. Free-market think tank that argued for I-645 (repeal); its staff are quoted as Yes-side sources. Its own I-645 posts are coded rows (opinion).

23. The Daily Wire Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

24. Lynnwood Times Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: News report. News publisher whose coverage is the subject of the coding; its I-645 stories (June 1 to Oct 21, 2026) are rows in the stories table. It has no stake in the counts beyond its own coverage.

25. NPI Cascadia Advocate Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: Party to the dispute. Northwest Progressive Institute, part of the coalition opposing I-645; it published the No coalition's legal memo. Its blog posts are coded rows (opinion).

26. The Stand Publisher of coded I-645 stories. Each story's exact URL is in the stories table (column url); the publisher's site is listed here.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved (publisher copyright). Story text is not redistributed. The dataset holds coding, story metadata and quotes of 25 words or fewer.

    Reliability: Party to the dispute. News site of the Washington State Labor Council, AFL-CIO, which opposes I-645 and whose president debated for the No side. Its posts are coded rows.

27. Washington Research Council, "New brief: I-645: Repealing the State Individual Income Tax" (Sept. 22, 2026) Anchor for facts O3b (no current appropriation relies on the tax) and O4 (the 2027-29 outlook assumes the revenue). Free copy

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. All rights reserved. Linked only.

    Reliability: Other. Business-funded nonpartisan fiscal research group. Its brief states both that no current appropriation relies on the tax and that the four-year outlook assumes $2.698 billion from it in 2027-29.

28. Washington Secretary of State, 2026 General Election Voters' Pamphlet (Edition 10, Spokane) Anchor for fact O1 (the Attorney General's explanatory statement says the tax relief would remain in place) and for the ballot sentence text.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. Washington State government publication. Linked only.

    Reliability: Government. Official state publication. The explanatory statement and ballot disclosure are written by the Attorney General's office; the statewide text is the same in every edition.

29. Economic and Revenue Forecast Council, enacted 2026 supplemental budget outlook (Apr. 22, 2026) Anchor for fact O4: the outlook counts ESSB 6346 revenue in 2027-29.

    Retrieved October 21, 2026. Washington State government publication. Linked only.

    Reliability: Government. State council that adopts the official four-year balanced-budget outlook; lists ESSB 6346 at +$2,309.18 million (net) for 2027-29.

Limitations and reproducibility

Partially reproducible: The coded rows are judgments by trained coders following media_coding_codebook.md; a reader can re-read any story at its URL and recode it. Every summary table is recomputed exactly from the stories table by media_audit_derived.js (node media_audit_derived.js), and the reliability table by media_recode_agreement.js from media_recode_second_coder.md. media_audit.js, which merged the coders' working notes, is included for transparency, but those working notes are not published.

• Not a random sample. Stories were found by search, so outlets whose sites block automated reading (Tacoma News Tribune, Bellingham Herald, The Olympian) are missing and the Tri-City Herald has one story. No AP story on I-645 was found.
• TV stories were coded from their web text, not the broadcast video.
• Coding involves judgment. A blind second coder recoded 20 randomly drawn news stories: agreement was 85-100% on every field (Cohen's kappa 0.33-1.0), 100% on which side had more sources and on the relief-survives fact.
• The second-coder check showed the first coding missed several mentions of two budget facts (O3b, O4) and one claim (N460K) that appeared only inside advocates' quotes. Every news story's text was then searched for them and each mention was classified by voice (media_coding_overrides.json). O3b and O4 counts include both voices; O3b_voice and O4_voice separate them.
• The relief fact (O1) and the other omission facts were not split by voice; they mostly appear in reporter voice.
• Outlet groups follow the audit design, not a measurement of each outlet's slant. The Stranger is grouped as mainstream though it is an openly progressive weekly; MyNorthwest/KIRO Newsradio is grouped as conservative though two of its rows are straight news.
• Per-outlet counts are small (1 to 14 stories) and describe this sample, not the outlet's overall coverage.
• An omitted fact is not necessarily an error: short event stories cannot carry every fact. Omission rates measure what readers of these stories were told, not intent.
• Sample size for the news groups: 58 mainstream news stories, all read in full. An earlier internal count used 53-54 because five KING 5 and KREM stories had not yet been read (they were later read in a browser) and one paywalled Columbian story was only partly read; that story is now excluded from the news groups so every fact shares one denominator.